Since 1960, only a few countries in Latin America have narrowed the gap between their per capita income and that of the United States, while most of the region has lagged far behind. Making up for lost ground will require a coordinated effort, involving both technocratic tinkering and bold political leadership.
explain what it will take finally to achieve economic convergence with advanced economies.
Between now and the end of this decade, climate-related investments need to increase by orders of magnitude to keep the world on track toward achieving even more ambitious targets by mid-century. Fortunately, if done right, such investments could usher in an entirely new and better economy.
explains what it will take to mobilize capital for the net-zero transition worldwide.
芝加哥—过去两年的绝大多数时间里,中国的“零新冠病毒”战略被视为保持令人印象深刻的低感染率的激进但有效的方式。中国政府单次封锁数百万人,命令他们留在家中——甚至是学校和办公楼里。去年冬天,西安被封锁了整整一个月。所有1,300万居民被限制足不出户,仅能最低限度地获取食物等生活必需品。
尽管这种极端策略产生了意想不到的负面后果——包括限制对其他疾病提供医疗服务、分开家庭及造成其他各种经济和社会干扰——但的确实现了新冠病毒感染率降低。中国多数人,还有其他地方的许多观察人士,都认为这是一种值得付出的代价,可以让更大范围的14亿人口免于承受美国等国家出现的高死亡率。
零新冠战略显而易见的成功一直是中国人的骄傲,而中国领袖也一直将其奉为中国优越性的标志。但讽刺的是,政府因早期成功而获得的政治利益已经成为复苏的障碍。中国政治领导层发现很难转而实行更温和的策略,因为这会不可避免地增加新冠感染率和死亡率。尽管总人数或许永远不会像美国那样高,但因为人们已经习惯了零新增,死亡人数增加到数千人现在也很难令民众接受。
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