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奥林匹克民族主义的优劣

芝加哥—除被推迟一年外，2020年东京奥运会还饱受争议。最近一项调查显示，由于疫情所引发的担忧，78%的日本民众认为应当取消奥运会。从那时起，日本媒体一直在关注并非所有来访运动员（其中包括100名来自美国的运动员）均已接种新冠疫苗的事实。

除史无前例的公共卫生问题外，同样存在长期的政治问题，例如人们所普遍抱怨的奥运会鼓励民族主义和沙文主义。每场比赛，美、中、日、英、俄（因兴奋剂事件而遭禁赛后，俄罗斯就以“俄罗斯奥委会”的名义参加东京奥运会）等主要竞争者均会就预期奖牌数展开对决。

各国政府均承认，体育可以增强民族认同感，而奥运会尤其可以树立在世界舞台上的地位。各国政府一直利用奥运会来告诉本国民众，“我们的目标已经实现。”1936年，希特勒充分利用了柏林奥运会的主办机会，1931年柏林被选为奥运会主办城市，而当时比国家社会主义分子上台还早两年。1964年，日本人利用东京奥运会来展示其二战后的全面复苏状况。而20世纪80年代，奥运会又变成了冷战足球场，美国在1980年抵制莫斯科奥运会，而苏联又在1984年抵制洛杉矶奥运会。

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