On December 19, Indian historian Ramachandra Guha was arrested while peacefully demonstrating against India’s Citizenship Amendment Act, which openly discriminates against Muslims in its treatment of immigrants from neighboring countries.
In this commentary for Project Syndicate’s special year-end magazine, Guha reflects on the erosion of India’s democratic institutions under Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s government. Subscribe today to receive The Year Ahead, 2020.
laments the country's transformation into a Hindu-nationalist state under Prime Minister Narendra Modi.
坎布里奇—美国正在经历的历史时期十分动荡。唐纳德·特朗普重新定义了美国总统职务,而他打破常规的所作所为深刻地考验着美国宪法。他一直在考验宪法的弱点,尤其涉及到司法上难以执行的尊重客观事实、有序决策以及调查和公诉独立性等准则。
特朗普上台质疑了宪法某些最根深蒂固的准则。他在2016年的获胜凸显了选举团制度在持续变化的人口现实面前所面临的危险,而现在,他的总统任期又在考验弹劾程序面对一个攫取整个政党机器并控制一个国会议院的煽动分子是否有效。
有人认为,特朗普任总统仅仅是美国历史上的一个“短暂”现象。大法官鲁斯·贝德·金斯伯格认为,我们当前时刻在历史学家眼中仅仅是“一种反常。”还有人提出了类似的观点,认为特朗普对美国政治和社会的长期影响有待探讨。上述观点认为,历史之弧相当漫长,在历史的后视镜里看来这届总统任期的影响会比今天小很多。
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